Grammar

then / thereupon

すると + Sentence

「〜すると」 means "then / thereupon". Structure: すると + Sentence. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

however (unexpectedly)

ところが + Sentence

「〜ところが」 means "however (unexpectedly)". Structure: ところが + Sentence. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

by the way

ところで + Sentence

「〜ところで」 means "by the way". Structure: ところで + Sentence. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

just like ~

まるで + Noun + のよう

「〜まるで〜よう」 means "just like ~". Structure: まるで + Noun + のよう. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

even if ~

たとえ + Verb te-form + も

「〜たとえ〜ても」 means "even if ~". Structure: たとえ + Verb te-form + も. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

thanks to ~

Noun の + おかげで

「〜おかげで」 means "thanks to ~". Structure: Noun の + おかげで. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

because of ~ (negative)

Noun の + せいで

「〜せいで」 means "because of ~ (negative)". Structure: Noun の + せいで. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

despite (critical)

Plain + くせに

「〜くせに」 means "despite (critical)". Structure: Plain + くせに. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

there is a risk of ~

Verb dictionary / Noun の + おそれがある

「〜おそれがある」 means "there is a risk of ~". Structure: Verb dictionary / Noun の + おそれがある. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

try to ~

Verb volitional + とする

「〜ようとする」 means "try to ~". Structure: Verb volitional + とする. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

want someone to ~

Verb te-form + ほしい

「〜てほしい」 means "want someone to ~". Structure: Verb te-form + ほしい. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

do nothing but ~

Verb te-form + ばかりいる

「〜てばかりいる」 means "do nothing but ~". Structure: Verb te-form + ばかりいる. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

in the middle of ~

Verb te-form + いるところ

「〜ているところ」 means "in the middle of ~". Structure: Verb te-form + いるところ. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

completely / regrettably

Verb te-form + しまう

「〜てしまう」 means "completely / regrettably". Structure: Verb te-form + しまう. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

do in advance

Verb te-form + おく

「〜ておく」 means "do in advance". Structure: Verb te-form + おく. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

state resulting from action

Verb te-form + ある

「〜てある」 means "state resulting from action". Structure: Verb te-form + ある. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

redo ~

Verb stem + 直す

「〜直す」 means "redo ~". Structure: Verb stem + 直す. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

do completely

Verb stem + きる

「〜きる」 means "do completely". Structure: Verb stem + きる. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

start but not finish

Verb stem + かける

「〜かける」 means "start but not finish". Structure: Verb stem + かける. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

suddenly start ~

Verb stem + 出す

「〜出す」 means "suddenly start ~". Structure: Verb stem + 出す. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

continue to ~

Verb stem + 続ける

「〜続ける」 means "continue to ~". Structure: Verb stem + 続ける. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

finish ~ing

Verb stem + 終わる

「〜終わる」 means "finish ~ing". Structure: Verb stem + 終わる. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

start ~ing

Verb stem + 始める

「〜始める」 means "start ~ing". Structure: Verb stem + 始める. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

do mutually

Verb stem + 合う

「〜合う」 means "do mutually". Structure: Verb stem + 合う. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

humble verb form

お/ご + stem + する

「お/ご〜する (humble)」 means "humble verb form". Structure: お/ご + stem + する. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

honorific verb form

お/ご + stem + になる

「お/ご〜になる (honorific)」 means "honorific verb form". Structure: お/ご + stem + になる. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

polite copula

Noun + でございます

「〜でございます」 means "polite copula". Structure: Noun + でございます. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

humbly do ~

Causative te-form + いただく

「〜させていただく」 means "humbly do ~". Structure: Causative te-form + いただく. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

should have ~

Verb ba-form + よかった

「〜ばよかった」 means "should have ~". Structure: Verb ba-form + よかった. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

had better ~

Verb ta-form + ほうがいい

「〜たほうがいい」 means "had better ~". Structure: Verb ta-form + ほうがいい. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.