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JapanLingo
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Reading support

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N1NeutralAbout 5 minUnit 2 · Lesson 19 of 94

〜なくしては

without ~

Use this pattern to shape a complete, natural Japanese thought.

Remember it

Connect the meaning to its sound: say “〜なくしては” aloud once.

1

Understand

Build the pattern

Sentence formula

Nounなくしては

How it works

「〜なくしては」 means "without ~". Structure: Noun + なくしては. This is a JLPT N1 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.

When to use it

Read the example aloud, then replace one detail with something from your own life.

Tone: Neutral

A general pattern; let the sentence ending and situation set the politeness level.

2

Use

Hear it in real life

  1. Everyday life

    Example 1

    chiimu no kyouryoku nakushite wa, saiketsu wa seikou shinakatta.

    Without the team's cooperation, the vote would not have succeeded.

  2. Shopping & services

    Example 2

    chiimu no kyouryoku nakushite wa, baishuu wa seikou shinakatta.

    Without the team's cooperation, the acquisition would not have succeeded.

  3. Everyday life

    Example 3

    chiimu no kyouryoku nakushite wa, shigan wa seikou shinakatta.

    Without the team's cooperation, the volunteering would not have succeeded.

  4. Everyday life

    Example 4

    chiimu no kyouryoku nakushite wa, tensai wa seikou shinakatta.

    Without the team's cooperation, the reprinting would not have succeeded.

  5. Everyday life

    Example 5

    chiimu no kyouryoku nakushite wa, tainou wa seikou shinakatta.

    Without the team's cooperation, the payment arrears would not have succeeded.

Make it yours

Choose one example. Replace one person, place, object, or time with a detail from your life, then say the new sentence aloud.

3

Recall

Test your memory

Recall practice

Can you say it?

1 of 5

Read the situation, look away from the answer, and say the Japanese aloud.

Your situation

Without the team's cooperation, the vote would not have succeeded.

The answer is hidden. Try to use .

Remember tomorrow

Save this pattern as a flashcard

Review the meaning and formula later so today’s lesson moves into long-term memory.