fabricate
N1- Onyomi
- ネツ
- Kunyomi
- こ(ねる)
- Stroke count
- 10
- JLPT
- N1
Onyomi are readings often used in compound words. Kunyomi are native Japanese readings. Learn each reading with an example word.
Memory tip
Break 捏 down and you get 扌 (hand) — a hand reaching in from the left. Picture a single hand cupped sideways as if scooping something up, put 捏 inside it, and let that scene stand for "fabricate" — fabricate. The odder the picture, the better it sticks.
Stroke Order
Stroke count: 10
General writing tips
These general rules have exceptions. Follow the animation and numbered frames for this character.
- •上から下へ書きます。Write from top to bottom.
- •左から右へ書きます。Write from left to right.
- •横の画を先に、縦の画を後に書きます。Write horizontal strokes before the vertical strokes that cross them.
- •外側の囲みを先に書き、中を後で書きます。Draw an outer enclosure first, then fill in what is inside.
- •中央を先に、左右を後に書きます。In symmetric shapes, write the centre before the left and right sides.
- •この漢字は10画です。下の練習エリアで順番に書いてみましょう。This kanji has 10 strokes — trace them in order in the practice area below.
Step by step
Practice Writing
Free writing practice — compare your writing with the example. This canvas does not check your shape or stroke order. Draw with a mouse, finger, or pen; scroll outside the square to move down the page.
Trace the faded character, or hide the outline to practise from memory.
Writing Tips
- Follow the order strictly: top-to-bottom and left-to-right. Correct order makes the shape balanced and natural.
- Keep each stroke in one smooth motion — don't lift the pen in the middle of a stroke.
- Close enclosing strokes cleanly so the character does not look open or broken.
- Common mistake: drawing strokes bottom-to-top or right-to-left. Even if the result looks similar, the wrong order shows in handwriting and makes it harder to read.
Example words
捏造
netsuzou
fabrication
捏造する
netsuzousuru
to do fabrication
捏造した
netsuzoushita
plain past: did fabrication
捏造します
netsuzoushimasu
polite: do fabrication
捏造しない
netsuzoushinai
plain negative: does not do fabrication
捏造中です
netsuzouchuudesu
in the middle of fabrication
Example sentences (2)
データの捏造が発覚しました。
でーた の ねつぞう が はっかく しました。
deeta no netsuzou ga hakkaku shimashita.
The fabrication of data was discovered.
研究におけるデータの捏造は、決して許されるものではありません。
けんきゅう に おける でーた の ねつぞう は、けっして ゆるされる もの で は ありません。
kenkyuu ni okeru deeta no netsuzou wa, kesshite yurusareru mono de wa arimasen.
Fabricating data in research is something that can never be permitted.