〜によって
depending on / by means of
Use this pattern to shape a complete, natural Japanese thought.
Remember it
Connect the meaning to its sound: say “〜によって” aloud once.
Understand
Build the pattern
Sentence formula
How it works
「〜によって」 means "depending on / by means of". Structure: Noun + によって. This is a JLPT N3 pattern — the examples below slot different everyday and workplace words into the same structure so you can see how it behaves. Learn the structure, then swap in your own words.
When to use it
Read the example aloud, then replace one detail with something from your own life.
Tone: Neutral
A general pattern; let the sentence ending and situation set the politeness level.
Use
Hear it in real life
Everyday life
Example 1成功によって結果が変わります。
せいこう に よって けっか が かわります。
seikou ni yotte kekka ga kawarimasu.
The result changes depending on the success.
Everyday life
Example 2安心によって結果が変わります。
あんしん に よって けっか が かわります。
anshin ni yotte kekka ga kawarimasu.
The result changes depending on the relief.
Everyday life
Example 3原因によって結果が変わります。
げんいん に よって けっか が かわります。
gen'in ni yotte kekka ga kawarimasu.
The result changes depending on the cause.
Everyday life
Example 4能力によって結果が変わります。
のうりょく に よって けっか が かわります。
nouryoku ni yotte kekka ga kawarimasu.
The result changes depending on the ability.
Everyday life
Example 5態度によって結果が変わります。
たいど に よって けっか が かわります。
taido ni yotte kekka ga kawarimasu.
The result changes depending on the attitude.
Make it yours
Choose one example. Replace one person, place, object, or time with a detail from your life, then say the new sentence aloud.
Recall
Test your memory
Recall practice
Can you say it?
1 of 5
Read the situation, look away from the answer, and say the Japanese aloud.
Your situation
The result changes depending on the success.
The answer is hidden. Try to use 〜によって.
Remember tomorrow
Save this pattern as a flashcard
Review the meaning and formula later so today’s lesson moves into long-term memory.