Kanji

💡 Words (言) from a tongue (舌) — speaking. 話 means to talk or a story.

💡 A net (罒) over a shell (貝, money) — catching goods with cash. 買 means to buy.

💡 Food/drink (食) beside a person opening their mouth (欠). 飲 means to drink.

💡 Ten (十) mouths (口) passing a story down through generations. 古 means old.

💡 A tall tower standing above the city. 高 means tall or expensive.

💡 A woman (女) safe and calm under a roof. 安 means cheap, peaceful, or safe.

💡 長 is the picture: hair grown long enough to trail. Set it against two people standing side by side and the shape carries its meaning, "long / chief", with it.

💡 Break 白 down and you get 日 (sun / day) — the sun framed by four strokes, marking one day. Picture the sun sitting low behind a mountain ridge, put 白 inside it, and let that scene stand for "white" — white. The odder the picture, the better it sticks.

💡 Two hands reaching toward each other. 友 means friend.

💡 A border (囗) enclosing treasure (玉) — a nation. 国 means country.